Well: How to Go Vegan

When I first heard former President Bill Clinton talk about his vegan diet, I was inspired to make the switch myself. After all, if a man with a penchant for fast-food burgers and Southern cooking could go vegan, surely I could too.

At the grocery store, I stocked up on vegan foods, including almond milk (that was the presidential recommendation), and faux turkey and cheese to replicate my daughter’s favorite sandwich. But despite my good intentions, my cold-turkey attempt to give up, well, turkey (as well as other meats, dairy and eggs) didn’t go well. My daughter and I couldn’t stand the taste of almond milk, and the fake meat and cheese were unappealing.

Since then, I’ve spoken with numerous vegan chefs and diners who say it can be a challenge to change a lifetime of eating habits overnight. They offer the following advice for stocking your vegan pantry and finding replacements for key foods like cheese and other dairy products.

NONDAIRY MILK Taste all of them to find your favorite. Coconut and almond milks (particularly canned coconut milk) are thicker and good to use in cooking, while rice milk is thinner and is good for people who are allergic to nuts or soy. My daughter and I both prefer the taste of soy milk and use it in regular or vanilla flavor for fruit smoothies and breakfast cereal.

NONDAIRY CHEESE Cheese substitutes are available under the brand names Daiya, Tofutti and Follow Your Heart, among others, but many vegans say there’s no fake cheese that satisfies as well as the real thing. Rather than use a packaged product, vegan chefs prefer to make homemade substitutes using cashews, tofu, miso or nutritional yeast. At Candle 79, a popular New York vegan restaurant, the filling for saffron ravioli with wild mushrooms and cashew cheese is made with cashews soaked overnight and then blended with lemon juice, olive oil, water and salt.

THINK CREAMY, NOT CHEESY Creaminess and richness can often be achieved without a cheese substitute. For instance, Chloe Coscarelli, a vegan chef and the author of “Chloe’s Kitchen,” has created a pizza with caramelized onion and butternut squash that will make you forget it doesn’t have cheese; the secret is white-bean and garlic purée. She also offers a creamy, but dairy-free, avocado pesto pasta. My daughter and I have discovered we actually prefer the rich flavor of butternut squash ravioli, which can be found frozen and fresh in supermarkets, to cheese-filled ravioli.

NUTRITIONAL YEAST The name is unappetizing, but many vegan chefs swear by it: it’s a natural food with a roasted, nutty, cheeselike flavor. Ms. Coscarelli uses nutritional yeast flakes in her “best ever” baked macaroni and cheese (found in her cookbook). “I’ve served this to die-hard cheese lovers,” she told me, “and everyone agrees it is comparable, if not better.”

Susan Voisin’s Web site, Fat Free Vegan Kitchen, offers a nice primer on nutritional yeast, noting that it’s a fungus (think mushrooms!) that is grown on molasses and then harvested and dried with heat. (Baking yeast is an entirely different product.) Nutritional yeasts can be an acquired taste, she said, so start with small amounts, sprinkling on popcorn, stirring into mashed potatoes, grinding with almonds for a Parmesan substitute or combining with tofu to make an eggless omelet. It can be found in Whole Foods, in the bulk aisle of natural-foods markets or online.

BUTTER This is an easy fix. Vegan margarines like Earth Balance are made from a blend of oils and are free of trans fats. Varieties include soy-free, whipped and olive oil.

EGGS Ms. Coscarelli, who won the Food Network’s Cupcake Wars with vegan cupcakes, says vinegar and baking soda can help baked goods bind together and rise, creating a moist and fluffy cake without eggs. Cornstarch can substitute for eggs to thicken puddings and sauces. Vegan pancakes are made with a tablespoon of baking powder instead of eggs. Frittatas and omelets can be replicated with tofu.

Finally, don’t try to replicate your favorite meaty foods right away. If you love a juicy hamburger, meatloaf or ham sandwich, you are not going to find a meat-free version that tastes the same. Ms. Voisin advises new vegans to start slow and eat a few vegan meals a week. Stock your pantry with lots of grains, lentils and beans and pile your plate with vegetables. To veganize a recipe, start with a dish that is mostly vegan already — like spaghetti — and use vegetables or a meat substitute for the sauce.

“Trying to recapture something and find an exact substitute is really hard,” she said. “A lot of people will try a vegetarian meatloaf right after they become vegetarian, and they hate it. But after you get away from eating meat for a while, you’ll find you start to develop other tastes, and the flavor of a lentil loaf with seasonings will taste great to you. It won’t taste like meat loaf, but you’ll appreciate it for itself.”

Ms. Voisin notes that she became a vegetarian and then vegan while living in a small town in South Carolina; she now lives in Jackson, Miss.

“If I can be a vegan in these not-quite-vegan-centric places, you can do it anywhere,” she said. “I think people who try to do it all at once overnight are more apt to fail. It’s a learning process.”

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What are your vegantips? We’re collecting suggestions on ingredients, recipes and strategies.

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Well: How to Go Vegan

When I first heard former President Bill Clinton talk about his vegan diet, I was inspired to make the switch myself. After all, if a man with a penchant for fast-food burgers and Southern cooking could go vegan, surely I could too.

At the grocery store, I stocked up on vegan foods, including almond milk (that was the presidential recommendation), and faux turkey and cheese to replicate my daughter’s favorite sandwich. But despite my good intentions, my cold-turkey attempt to give up, well, turkey (as well as other meats, dairy and eggs) didn’t go well. My daughter and I couldn’t stand the taste of almond milk, and the fake meat and cheese were unappealing.

Since then, I’ve spoken with numerous vegan chefs and diners who say it can be a challenge to change a lifetime of eating habits overnight. They offer the following advice for stocking your vegan pantry and finding replacements for key foods like cheese and other dairy products.

NONDAIRY MILK Taste all of them to find your favorite. Coconut and almond milks (particularly canned coconut milk) are thicker and good to use in cooking, while rice milk is thinner and is good for people who are allergic to nuts or soy. My daughter and I both prefer the taste of soy milk and use it in regular or vanilla flavor for fruit smoothies and breakfast cereal.

NONDAIRY CHEESE Cheese substitutes are available under the brand names Daiya, Tofutti and Follow Your Heart, among others, but many vegans say there’s no fake cheese that satisfies as well as the real thing. Rather than use a packaged product, vegan chefs prefer to make homemade substitutes using cashews, tofu, miso or nutritional yeast. At Candle 79, a popular New York vegan restaurant, the filling for saffron ravioli with wild mushrooms and cashew cheese is made with cashews soaked overnight and then blended with lemon juice, olive oil, water and salt.

THINK CREAMY, NOT CHEESY Creaminess and richness can often be achieved without a cheese substitute. For instance, Chloe Coscarelli, a vegan chef and the author of “Chloe’s Kitchen,” has created a pizza with caramelized onion and butternut squash that will make you forget it doesn’t have cheese; the secret is white-bean and garlic purée. She also offers a creamy, but dairy-free, avocado pesto pasta. My daughter and I have discovered we actually prefer the rich flavor of butternut squash ravioli, which can be found frozen and fresh in supermarkets, to cheese-filled ravioli.

NUTRITIONAL YEAST The name is unappetizing, but many vegan chefs swear by it: it’s a natural food with a roasted, nutty, cheeselike flavor. Ms. Coscarelli uses nutritional yeast flakes in her “best ever” baked macaroni and cheese (found in her cookbook). “I’ve served this to die-hard cheese lovers,” she told me, “and everyone agrees it is comparable, if not better.”

Susan Voisin’s Web site, Fat Free Vegan Kitchen, offers a nice primer on nutritional yeast, noting that it’s a fungus (think mushrooms!) that is grown on molasses and then harvested and dried with heat. (Baking yeast is an entirely different product.) Nutritional yeasts can be an acquired taste, she said, so start with small amounts, sprinkling on popcorn, stirring into mashed potatoes, grinding with almonds for a Parmesan substitute or combining with tofu to make an eggless omelet. It can be found in Whole Foods, in the bulk aisle of natural-foods markets or online.

BUTTER This is an easy fix. Vegan margarines like Earth Balance are made from a blend of oils and are free of trans fats. Varieties include soy-free, whipped and olive oil.

EGGS Ms. Coscarelli, who won the Food Network’s Cupcake Wars with vegan cupcakes, says vinegar and baking soda can help baked goods bind together and rise, creating a moist and fluffy cake without eggs. Cornstarch can substitute for eggs to thicken puddings and sauces. Vegan pancakes are made with a tablespoon of baking powder instead of eggs. Frittatas and omelets can be replicated with tofu.

Finally, don’t try to replicate your favorite meaty foods right away. If you love a juicy hamburger, meatloaf or ham sandwich, you are not going to find a meat-free version that tastes the same. Ms. Voisin advises new vegans to start slow and eat a few vegan meals a week. Stock your pantry with lots of grains, lentils and beans and pile your plate with vegetables. To veganize a recipe, start with a dish that is mostly vegan already — like spaghetti — and use vegetables or a meat substitute for the sauce.

“Trying to recapture something and find an exact substitute is really hard,” she said. “A lot of people will try a vegetarian meatloaf right after they become vegetarian, and they hate it. But after you get away from eating meat for a while, you’ll find you start to develop other tastes, and the flavor of a lentil loaf with seasonings will taste great to you. It won’t taste like meat loaf, but you’ll appreciate it for itself.”

Ms. Voisin notes that she became a vegetarian and then vegan while living in a small town in South Carolina; she now lives in Jackson, Miss.

“If I can be a vegan in these not-quite-vegan-centric places, you can do it anywhere,” she said. “I think people who try to do it all at once overnight are more apt to fail. It’s a learning process.”

---

What are your vegantips? We’re collecting suggestions on ingredients, recipes and strategies.

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Fortunes of Facebook May Hinge on Searches

SAN FRANCISCO — Nearly a year after it announced its bid to go public, Facebook is confronting the ultimate burden of the information age: how to help its users find what they are looking for amid the billions of pictures, “likes” and status updates they post every day.

Ferreting out treasure from junk is its biggest challenge — and potentially its most lucrative opportunity, a chance to topple Google as the king of search.

If you’re looking for, say, a movie to watch next weekend, Google can provide long lists of movie reviews from strangers. Facebook, though, could theoretically tell you what movies your friends liked — and what, by extension, you may be predisposed to like. That kind of service would delight advertisers — and, by extension, Wall Street.

“If Facebook would decide to become serious about search, it would be in a position to give Google a run for its money,” said Karsten Weide, an analyst with IDC, a financial research company.

Facebook has had a tumultuous run on Wall Street. It made its public debut last May at $38 a share, the most highly valued technology stock in history, but it plummeted almost immediately. But the stock has been climbing for the last month, benefiting from a coy invitation the company sent to reporters about a product announcement scheduled for Tuesday.

“Come see what we’re building,” the invitation read. It promptly set off speculation and sent the stock flying. Shares opened Monday at $32, the highest in six months, and closed at $30.95.

Facebook declined to comment for this article.

The stock rally has occurred as Facebook has zeroed in on new ways to make money for a skeptical Wall Street. It is showing many more ads on its mobile news feed. It has expanded a lucrative form of advertising known as retargeting, which tracks what users search for outside the Facebook platform and tailors advertisements accordingly when users return to Facebook.

It has encouraged users to buy gifts for their friends, and it has charged users to make sure a post or message is seen by more of their friends.

The next frontier that Facebook needs to conquer, analysts say, is search. That would help it significantly expand revenues and, in turn, its market value. “Search, I would say, is a very high priority for Facebook,” Colin Sebastian, an analyst for Robert W. Baird & Company said. “Facebook has this incredible treasure trove of unstructured data on the site.”

Even a tease about search from Facebook’s chief executive, Mark Zuckerberg, last September sent the shares up.

Speaking at a conference sponsored by the industry blog TechCrunch, Mr. Zuckerberg dropped hints about how Facebook search might look.

“I think search engines are really evolving to give you a set of answers, not just ‘type in something and show me some relevant stuff’, but ‘I have this specific question, answer this question for me,’ ” he said. “When you think about it from that perspective, Facebook is pretty uniquely positioned to answer the questions people have.”

But building a search tool is a challenge. Try finding on Facebook what’s-his-name who worked in accounting last year, let alone a list of movies that your friends raved about last weekend.

To tackle the problem, Facebook has aggressively expanded its staff of search engineers in recent months. It now has nearly 100 devoted to cracking the search puzzle, led by a former Google engineer, Lars Rasmussen.

It has also tried to acquire at least one start-up focused on search, Ark, which is building a tool to help users find people whose names they do not know, but whose skills or interests they would find useful. It also has rolled out a number of new features to help Facebook users better discover information on the site.

The search challenge confronts every Internet platform company. Amazon has steadily improved how users find things to buy. Twitter has continuously tweaked how its users find news that interests them. Apple tried to upend the traditional search engines by assigning a robot named Siri to help iPhone owners answer their questions.

Patrick Riley, a founder of Ark, called search the holy grail of Web companies. “Everyone wants to get to the ultimate personal assistant — ask it any question and it can give you the right answer,” Mr. Riley said. “Facebook has the advantage of social data. No other company has that kind of social data.”

Mr. Riley turned down Facebook’s acquisition offer last spring, saying he preferred to build a “neutral” people search tool that would not be tethered to any one Internet platform. Facebook more than any other platform has a singular and huge data collection; its users gush about what they like and listen to, whom they admire, where they jog, even what they eat.

To leverage some of this information. Facebook has added the tab “nearby” to help users find businesses in proximity. The company has also rolled out a jobs board, to help users search for employment, in an apparent bid to compete with LinkedIn. Since last summer, it has offered businesses a chance to pay for sponsored search results. And it has reminded users in the last few weeks to review their privacy settings, to better control if and how their information on Facebook can be found.

The largest share of online advertising revenue overall comes from search, which is why Google’s earnings remain nearly 10 times Facebook’s. It is also why even a modest expansion of search could be enormously lucrative for the social network.

“When there is too much information, there is high value in search, navigation and discovery,” said Bill Tai, a venture capitalist who has invested in some of Facebook’s rivals, including Twitter. “Facebook has a lot of data, but it’s very noisy data.”

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Cubans Take Advantage of Day 1 of New Travel Rules

HAVANA — Cubans flocked to immigration offices and travel agencies on Monday, eager to take advantage of a lifting of government travel restrictions that have been in place since Fidel Castro was a dark-bearded firebrand in his 30s.

The new rules eliminate the expensive bureaucratic hurdles long faced by Cubans wishing to go overseas, many of whom know loved ones who lost everything when they emigrated or who left the island in the dead of night on rafts and powerboats.

As of Monday, most Cubans can head for the airport with only a passport, a plane ticket and a visa, if required, from the country they intend to visit.

“We have lived for decades in captivity,” said Marta Rodríguez, 65, a retired office manager who was waiting to pick up a tourist visa from the United States Interests Section in Havana. “It’s a positive move — one they should have taken 50 years ago.”

The reform is not expected to prompt a major exodus, because most countries use entrance visas to control the number of visiting Cubans, and international travel remains way beyond the means of most islanders, who earn state salaries of about $20 per month. There are, of course, Cubans who want to travel from the island and return.

The government says it will continue to limit travel for tens of thousands of Cubans who work in strategic sectors, such as military personnel and scientific workers, as well as those they deem a threat to national security.

How tightly, and for how long, the government will continue to control those sectors’ movements will only become apparent over time, Cubans and outside analysts said. In a development that could signal new government flexibility, Yoani Sanchez, a prominent blogger and activist who says she has been denied an exit visa by the Cuban government at least 19 times in the past, said on Monday that she was one of the first in line at the immigration office and submitted paperwork for a new passport without any problems.

Arturo López-Levy, a Cuban-born academic who left the island 10 years ago and lectures at the University of Denver, said the migration reform was not simply a maneuver to defuse political pressure but a structural shift in the relationship between the island and the diaspora that the government once rejected as traitorous “worms.”

“This is a real change in the way in which the government perceives the relationship between the Cuban population and the outside world,” he said.

At immigration offices, Cubans scrutinized posters clarifying the new rules, stood in line to get new passports and pressed around immigration officials in spearmint-colored uniforms seeking details of what paperwork was now required.

More police were on hand than usual outside immigration offices and near consular offices, particularly the small park near the United States Interests Section — known locally as “the place between life and death” — where Cubans wait each day for appointments with American consular officers.

The Obama administration was watching the developments with interest. “We will see if this is implemented in a very open way and if it means that all Cubans can travel,” said Roberta S. Jacobson, assistant secretary of state for Western Hemisphere affairs, according to The Associated Press.

Despite multiple reports in recent weeks by official Cuban news media, many Cubans seemed unclear about how the new law would work: whether it applied to them, whether they needed a new passport or a special stamp (they do not), how it would work for minors.

Under the old system, most Cubans who applied for an exit permit to travel received it — if they could provide the authorities with an invitation letter from someone in the country they intended to visit — all at a cost of nearly $400.

Caridad Reyes Risse, 69, a retiree who was in line at a downtown travel agency to buy a ticket to visit her daughter in the United States, said she had waited until Monday to avoid that $400 expense.

“The question now is, ‘Will I get a ticket?’ ” she said, gesturing to the gaggles of Cubans that spilled out of the tiny agency.

Ramona María Moreno, 61, a restaurant worker, said that even though most Cubans who sought permission in the past received it, the change had psychological importance.

“It’s the idea you can go,” said Ms. Moreno, who was at an immigration office looking for a list of countries that admit Cubans without a visa. “It’s a freedom that we have never had.”

She acknowledged there were still barriers to travel. “I have no money,” she said with a chuckle.

The news last week that the government would allow members of its jealously guarded medical corps to travel has prompted excitement among doctors who for decades have had to go through a lengthy process to get permission, if they got it at all.

“Everyone is waiting to see what happens,” said Niurka, 45, a doctor who would like to join her family in Miami. Requesting that her last name not be published to avoid riling the authorities, she said she did not believe the tight restrictions on medical professionals would be lifted overnight.

“Still, it gives me hope,” she said.

However the government chose to carry out the new regulations, they signified a new era in Cuba’s relationship with its diaspora and the wider world, said Ms. Rodríguez, the retiree.

“They have realized the island needs to open up to the world,” she said “They can’t go back on this now.”

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Coke TV Ads Confront Obesity and Soda’s Role

The Coca-Cola Company began a new television ad campaign Monday aimed at getting on the healthy side of the national debate over obesity — a novel step for a company built on sugary soft drinks.

“We’d like people to come together on something that concerns all of us, obesity,” began the two-minute ad, which is scheduled to run during prime-time cable news shows. “The long-term health of our families and our country is at stake, and as the nation’s leading beverage company, we can play an important role.”

The ad goes on to promote steps Coke has taken, like putting calorie counts on “the front” of its cans and other packaging and increasing the number of its brands sold in smaller cans, to help consumers make healthier choices.

“There’s a really important conversation going on out there about obesity, and we want to be a part of it because our consumer is telling us they want us to be a part of it,” said Stuart Kronauge, general manager for sparkling beverages at Coca-Cola North America.

This ad is aimed at policy makers, but a second ad, to be broadcast Wednesday during the first episode of the new season for “American Idol,” will focus on consumers, emphasizing the calories in a can of soda and offering ideas about how to work them off, like walking the dog for 25 minutes, doing a victory dance or even laughing.

The ads establish a link between the company and its products and obesity, which could be risky. “We thought about that, but we’ve learned that consumers love more information from us — and we really believe Coke has the power to connect people in a way that can help solve issues,” Ms. Kronauge said.

It is the first time the company has gone on the offensive to tackle widespread criticism that sugary sodas are one of the biggest contributors to the obesity epidemic, and the ads drew criticism even before they were shown.

“This is not about changing the products but about confusing the public,” said Michele R. Simon, a public health lawyer who writes frequently about the food and beverage business and its role in public health issues on her blog, Appetite for Profit. “They are downplaying the serious health effects of drinking too much soda and making it sound like balancing soda consumption with exercise is the only issue, when there are plenty of other reasons not to consume too much of these kinds of products.”

Ms. Simon dismissed the ads as pure public relations and noted that the industry faced an onslaught of public health efforts to curb consumption of sugary sodas, like efforts around the country to impose taxes on high-sugar drinks and Mayor Michael Bloomberg’s move to restrict the sizes of sodas sold in movie theaters and other spots in New York City.

The American Beverage Association, the organization that represents the industry, has filed a lawsuit against New York City and has fought successfully so far to defeat soda tax initiatives. Sales of carbonated sodas in general and sugary sodas in particular continue to slide, however, as consumers choose water, juices and other alternatives.

“They are clearly running scared and for good reason,” said Harold Goldstein, executive director of the California Center for Public Health Advocacy, which led the charge to get sugary sodas out of schools.

Dr. Goldstein said that if Coke really wanted to do something to reduce consumption of sugary sodas, it would sell them for a higher price than its other low- and no-calorie beverages. “Instead of spending millions on a P.R. campaign that will do nothing to combat obesity, diabetes and tooth decay, they would reap profits and change the beverage consumption of Americans in a big and beneficial way,” he said.

John Sicher, publisher of Beverage Digest and a longtime observer of the industry, said he thought soda companies had for too long avoided the issue of obesity as criticism mounted. “Letting the industry’s adversaries define it isn’t smart or in its self-interest,” he said.

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City Room: Cuomo Declares Public Health Emergency Over Flu Outbreak

With the nation in the grip of a severe influenza outbreak that has seen deaths reach epidemic levels, New York State declared a public health emergency on Saturday, making access to vaccines more easily available.

There have been nearly 20,000 cases of flu reported across the state so far this season, officials said. Last season, 4,400 positive laboratory tests were reported.

“We are experiencing the worst flu season since at least 2009, and influenza activity in New York State is widespread, with cases reported in all 57 counties and all five boroughs of New York City,” Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo said in a statement.

Under the order, pharmacists will be allowed to administer flu vaccinations to patients between 6 months and 18 years old, temporarily suspending a state law that prohibits pharmacists from administering immunizations to children.

While children and older people tend to be the most likely to become seriously ill from the flu, Mr. Cuomo urged all New Yorkers to get vaccinated.

On Friday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta said that deaths from the flu had reached epidemic levels, with at least 20 children having died nationwide. Officials cautioned that deaths from pneumonia and the flu typically reach epidemic levels for a week or two every year. The severity of the outbreak will be determined by how long the death toll remains high or if it climbs higher.

There was some evidence that caseloads may be peaking, federal officials said on Friday.

In New York City, public health officials announced on Thursday that flu-related illnesses had reached epidemic levels, and they joined the chorus of authorities urging people to get vaccinated.

“It’s a bad year,” the city’s health commissioner, Dr. Thomas A. Farley, told reporters on Thursday. “We’ve got lots of flu, it’s mainly type AH3N2, which tends to be a little more severe. So we’re seeing plenty of cases of flu and plenty of people sick with flu. Our message for any people who are listening to this is it’s still not too late to get your flu shot.”

There has been a spike in the number of people going to emergency rooms over the past two weeks with flulike symptoms – including fever, fatigue and coughing – Dr. Farley said.

Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg and Mr. Cuomo made a public display of getting shots this past week.

In a briefing with reporters on Friday, officials from the C.D.C. said that this year’s vaccine was effective in 62 percent of cases.

As officials have stepped up their efforts encouraging vaccinations, there have been scattered reports of shortages. But officials said plenty of the vaccine was available.

According to the C.D.C., makers of the flu vaccine produced about 135 million doses for this year. As of early this month, 128 million doses had been distributed. While that would not be enough for every American, only 37 percent of the population get a flu shot each year.

Federal health officials said they would be happy if that number rose to 50 percent, which would mean that there would be more than enough vaccine for anyone who wanted to be immunized.

Two other diseases – norovirus and whooping cough – are also widespread this winter and are contributing to the number of people getting sick.

The flu can resemble a cold, though the symptoms come on more rapidly and are more severe.

A version of this article appeared in print on 01/13/2013, on page A21 of the NewYork edition with the headline: New York Declares Health Emergency.

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City Room: Cuomo Declares Public Health Emergency Over Flu Outbreak

With the nation in the grip of a severe influenza outbreak that has seen deaths reach epidemic levels, New York State declared a public health emergency on Saturday, making access to vaccines more easily available.

There have been nearly 20,000 cases of flu reported across the state so far this season, officials said. Last season, 4,400 positive laboratory tests were reported.

“We are experiencing the worst flu season since at least 2009, and influenza activity in New York State is widespread, with cases reported in all 57 counties and all five boroughs of New York City,” Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo said in a statement.

Under the order, pharmacists will be allowed to administer flu vaccinations to patients between 6 months and 18 years old, temporarily suspending a state law that prohibits pharmacists from administering immunizations to children.

While children and older people tend to be the most likely to become seriously ill from the flu, Mr. Cuomo urged all New Yorkers to get vaccinated.

On Friday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta said that deaths from the flu had reached epidemic levels, with at least 20 children having died nationwide. Officials cautioned that deaths from pneumonia and the flu typically reach epidemic levels for a week or two every year. The severity of the outbreak will be determined by how long the death toll remains high or if it climbs higher.

There was some evidence that caseloads may be peaking, federal officials said on Friday.

In New York City, public health officials announced on Thursday that flu-related illnesses had reached epidemic levels, and they joined the chorus of authorities urging people to get vaccinated.

“It’s a bad year,” the city’s health commissioner, Dr. Thomas A. Farley, told reporters on Thursday. “We’ve got lots of flu, it’s mainly type AH3N2, which tends to be a little more severe. So we’re seeing plenty of cases of flu and plenty of people sick with flu. Our message for any people who are listening to this is it’s still not too late to get your flu shot.”

There has been a spike in the number of people going to emergency rooms over the past two weeks with flulike symptoms – including fever, fatigue and coughing – Dr. Farley said.

Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg and Mr. Cuomo made a public display of getting shots this past week.

In a briefing with reporters on Friday, officials from the C.D.C. said that this year’s vaccine was effective in 62 percent of cases.

As officials have stepped up their efforts encouraging vaccinations, there have been scattered reports of shortages. But officials said plenty of the vaccine was available.

According to the C.D.C., makers of the flu vaccine produced about 135 million doses for this year. As of early this month, 128 million doses had been distributed. While that would not be enough for every American, only 37 percent of the population get a flu shot each year.

Federal health officials said they would be happy if that number rose to 50 percent, which would mean that there would be more than enough vaccine for anyone who wanted to be immunized.

Two other diseases – norovirus and whooping cough – are also widespread this winter and are contributing to the number of people getting sick.

The flu can resemble a cold, though the symptoms come on more rapidly and are more severe.

A version of this article appeared in print on 01/13/2013, on page A21 of the NewYork edition with the headline: New York Declares Health Emergency.

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City Room: Free Outdoor Wi-Fi Comes to West Chelsea

Residents of West Chelsea in Manhattan who were wondering what Google had done for them lately now have their answer: free Wi-Fi service for the whole neighborhood.

Google, which houses most of its 3,000 New York employees in a massive building on lower Eighth Avenue, has invested about $75,000 to install the broadest wireless network that is open to the public in any neighborhood in the city, elected officials announced Tuesday.

The service will be available for at least two years from Gansevoort Street north to 19th Street between Eighth Avenue and West Street. It was introduced at a news conference in a garden of a city housing project, the Robert S. Fulton Houses, by Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg, Senator Charles E. Schumer and a Google official.

No city or federal funds went into building the network, which required installation of 29 antennas on lampposts and rooftops. The service was set up through a partnership of Google and the Chelsea Improvement Company, a nonprofit neighborhood organization.

Mayor Bloomberg said free Wi-Fi service was already available in 20 parks in the city and was scheduled to be added to 32 more this year, but he could not say when his vision of a citywide Wi-Fi network would be realized. He encouraged Mr. Schumer to provide federal funding to expand the service to more neighborhoods.

“Keep in mind. somebody’s got to pay for the Wi-Fi,” the mayor said. “The question is, who?”

The total cost of setting up the Chelsea network was about $115,000, the balance of which was contributed by the Chelsea Improvement Company, said Ben Fried, Google’s chief information officer. He said the partners had committed to keeping the free service running for two years.

Dan Biederman, the president of the improvement company, also runs the Bryant Park Business Improvement District, which has provided free Wi-Fi in Bryant Park on 42nd Street for several years. He said the 34th Street Partnership, another business improvement district, which he also runs, hopes to start providing free Wi-Fi service within a year.

The officials at Tuesday’s announcement emphasized that the service would be available throughout the Fulton Houses complex. But some of those inside the senior center there were in no hurry to surf the Internet.

Taking a break from shooting a game of pool, Epi Pacheco, 65, said he did not make much use of a computer. “I got a little iPod and I could use it to go to YouTube, I think,” he said.

Still, Mr. Pacheco, who lives on West 55th Street, said Google should expand the service to his neighborhood and others as well. “They make so many million dollars, they should give something to the people,” he said.

Mr. Fried said the Chelsea network was unrelated to an ultrahigh-speed Internet network called Google Fiber that the company had begun in Kansas City.

A version of this article appeared in print on 01/09/2013, on page A18 of the NewYork edition with the headline: Free Wi-Fi From Google On Streets of Chelsea.

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Bomb Kills 14 Pakistani Soldiers in Tribal Area

PESHAWAR, Pakistan — A powerful roadside bomb in the militant hub of North Waziristan killed at least 14 Pakistani soldiers and wounded at least 25 on Sunday, a senior military official and local tribesmen said.

The bombing’s toll was one of the largest suffered by the Pakistani military during recent operations in the tribal areas, and it followed a week of militant attacks in other cities that left more than 130 people dead.

The latest violence came as the government was attempting to address political fallout from attacks on Thursday, in which two bombs killed 96 people in an ethnic Hazara neighborhood in the southwestern city of Quetta. The grieving Hazaras — who are Shiites, a minority in Pakistan — refused to bury the victims, demanding that the military take over security in Quetta, which has been hit by dozens of sectarian attacks in recent years.

In response to the furor, Prime Minister Raja Pervez Ashraf visited Quetta on Sunday to meet the victims’ families. He later announced the dismissal of the chief minister who ran the province of Baluchistan, where Quetta is located, according to the Pakistani media, and put the governor, who is appointed by the central government, in charge. The move puts the province more firmly under the government’s control. And by early Monday, news reports said the government had persuaded the protesters to begin burying their dead.

The explosion Sunday, which is believed to have been set off by remote control, ripped through a military convoy about 20 miles south of Miram Shah, the main town in North Waziristan, as the soldiers drove toward the neighboring Bannu district.

A local tribesman, speaking on the condition of anonymity, said one truck had been “completely destroyed” in the blast, and a security official in Miram Shah said three vehicles had been damaged. The soldiers who were wounded were evacuated to a military hospital in Peshawar, and several were reported to be in serious condition.

There was no claim of responsibility, but suspicion fell on the Pakistani Taliban, who have carried out previous attacks on army convoys in the area, and sometimes admit to attacks they carry out.

Still, the bombing occurred less than a day after the Pakistani Taliban leader, Hakimullah Mehsud, directed his fighters to restrain from attacking the military, suggesting that the militants are not operating under a unified commanded.

In leaflets distributed in Miram Shah and Mir Ali on Saturday night, Mr. Mehsud told his followers to abide by the terms of a troubled September 2006 peace agreement with the government, which applies only to North Waziristan.

Instead, he said, the various Taliban factions should unite behind the leader of the Afghan Taliban, Mullah Muhammad Omar, in their fight against “crusaders and heretics” in both Pakistan and Afghanistan.

“We support each other, and we protect each other,” he said.

There have been tensions inside the Pakistani Taliban between Mr. Mehsud and his deputy, Wali ur-Rehman, over the past year. Both men recently appeared in a joint video to dispel speculation about a possible split in the group.

The bombing on Sunday was probably a reflection of the poor discipline inside the Taliban ranks. Another explanation, analysts said, was that it stemmed from a clash with Hafiz Gul Bahadur, a prominent militant commander from North Waziristan who is closely allied with the Afghan warlord Sirajuddin Haqqani.

Mr. Mehsud is wanted by American forces for his role in an attack on a Central Intelligence Agency base in Afghanistan in 2009, and he has survived at least one drone attack in Waziristan. Another militant leader in the area, Mullah Nazir, was killed this month in an American missile strike.

The drone campaign is controversial because it has caused civilian casualties, but it also appears to be affecting the militants. In his leaflet, Mr. Mehsud called on local and foreign fighters to unite because “the enemy is trying to divide and rule us.”

After Sunday’s bombing, the military responded by shelling the nearby village of Damdel, tribesmen said. There were no reports of casualties by Sunday evening.

Ismail Khan reported from Peshawar, and Declan Walsh from Karachi, Pakistan. Ihsanullah Tipu Mehsud contributed reporting from Islamabad, Pakistan.

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Condé Nast Contracts Cut Author’s Share in Film Deals

It’s a dream tucked in the backs of many journalists’ minds: the article they write becomes a blockbuster movie and they reap a healthy share of the profits, a walk on the red carpet and — who knows? — maybe even an Oscar.

Fred Prouser/Reuters

Dawn Ostroff, president of Condé Nast Entertainment.

At Condé Nast magazines like Wired, Vanity Fair and The New Yorker, that wish has become reality for a small but steady number of writers. Condé Nast articles led to the movie “Argo,” which so far has generated $166 million in worldwide box-office sales, “Eat Pray Love,” which made $204 million in global sales and “Brokeback Mountain,” which brought in $178 million.

But now, Condé Nast, whose magazines are battling a punishing business environment, wants to capture more of the film and television profits, which previously went to writers who owned the rights to these works. The new contracts have angered writers and their agents who argue that it’s another cut at their already rapidly shrinking compensation.

“It doesn’t give authors the option or the alternative to go elsewhere for their movie and television rights, and therefore there’s no competition,” said Jan Constantine, general counsel for the Authors Guild who recently advised an agent negotiating one of these contracts.

According to copies of the various contracts provided and described to The New York Times, those exclusive rights ranged from 30 days to one year. The contracts also show that if Condé Nast decides to option the article, writers receive $2,500 to $5,000 for a 12-month option. If an article is developed into a major feature film, writers receive no more than 1 percent or $150,000 toward the purchase price.

Television programs and made-for-television movies are capped at even lower amounts, especially for less experienced writers. These arrangements are agreed to before an article has even been published.

“This is bottom-of-the-barrel pricing,” said one agent who refused to allow writers to sign the new contracts, but declined to be identified for fear of retribution toward the agent’s clients. “There’s no reason my clients who are the premier writers in the country should be shackled by this agreement that forces them to accept very low prices and also take their project off the market.”

Many writers for Condé Nast magazines like The New Yorker work under one-year contracts that lack basic employee benefits like a 401(k) retirement plan or health insurance, but they are allowed to keep the rights to their work. (By contrast, newspapers typically own the full rights to articles published by their employees.)

Some agents have warned writers not to sign the contracts because they chip away further at their income. But other writers have signed the agreements because they don’t want to lose the chance to have their byline appear in The New Yorker or Vanity Fair.

Writers interviewed for this article who have contracts with Condé Nast emphasized that in this economy they can’t simply go out and get a contract with another magazine.

One longtime contract writer used the proceeds from an option to pay for medical bills resulting from an injury caused during reporting in the Middle East.

Some writers predict that these contracts will create an even wider divide between Condé Nast’s most celebrated writers and its stable of lesser known but productive contributors.

“The people who really get the big options are not going to sign, and the people who don’t get the big options are going to be railroaded,” said one Condé Nast writer who asked not to be identified because of fears of retribution from the company. “What you are really taking is people’s self-respect.”

The plans to secure more of these rights started in late 2011, when Condé Nast formed an entertainment group to help it secure some of the profits its writers received when their articles were developed into film and television programs.

In the past, Condé Nast struggled to profit from many of the programs made about its publications. For example, it did not receive any of the $6.4 million made at the global box office for “The September Issue,” a documentary about Vogue.

In late 2011, the company hired Dawn Ostroff, previously president of the CW television network, to run the entertainment group. While a Condé Nast spokesman declined to talk about the specific contract negotiations, the spokesman said the company hopes to offer its writers more development options through the new entertainment group.

“As we expand into digital, film and television entertainment, we are excited to bring the extraordinary work of our writers and photographers to these platforms, showcase their content in new ways, and create expanded opportunities for their work to be enjoyed by new audiences,” the spokesman said.

But writers and agents remain skeptical of how many projects will actually be developed. Although Charles H. Townsend, chief executive of Condé Nast, said in October that the division is developing 15 projects, the entertainment group has not officially announced any of them. Some agents said they fear that Condé Nast does not have enough muscle in the entertainment world to make these deals happen.

“They’re not a film company,” the agent said. “There are many other companies who are not in the movie business who tried to do a land grab and it doesn’t work.”

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